The legislative assemblies not reflecting the proportionate representation (PR) based on the actual votes received by various parties is being talked about every time the election results are announced because, as Shri Saarangam has pointed out, we, in our country, have opted for the majority principle, which is easier to understand for the people in a country where the literacy factor has not been high when our Constitution was made. Maybe, today, we may start reviewing whether any suitable amendment can be brought in in the Constitution to take care of this issue.
In the present circumstances, there are several practical difficulties.
1. We have too numerous parties in our country. PR will be sensible only if we have fewer, but larger parties.
2. Also, unless we have national parties in the real sense, (not like AIADMK, which has the ring of a national party only in name!
), PR, especially at the parliamentary level, may not be much relevant.
3. If PR has to be brought in, then the present system of allowing 'Independent' candidates has to go out. In a country where the moment a candidate is denied ticket officially, he/she straight away rushes to the Election Commission Office only to file his/her papers as an 'independent' candidate, the concept of PR will become a mockery.
4. For the same reason, defections from one party to another, leaving (either due to voluntary quitting or by expulsion) a party to float a new party etc. except in the narrow time period between the date EC announces the date(s) for the election and the date for filing of nominations, will have to be banned, if PR has to be also included.
5. Then there is the question of how to accommodate the party nominees through PR. Will they also be made MLA's/Lok Sabha MP's, as the case maybe, or, they will be accommodated as MLC's / Rajya Sabha MP's?
6. Finally their Status: as they are NOT directly elected by the people (they might even be those who got defeated in the election!), will they be given the same status? Can, they (those from the Ruling Party), for example, be made ministers?
Has Indian democracy, proud though we might be about being the largest in the world and all that, matured enough to bring in PR, without discarding the Majority Principle at the same time?