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Foreign phrases in English.

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9. go-down = கிடங்கு.

10. illupi = இலுப்பை.

11. mango = மாங்காய்.

12. moringa = முருங்கை.

13. mulligatawny = மிளகுத் தண்ணீர்.

14. paraiah = பறையர்.

15. pandal = பந்தல்.

16. poppadom = அப்பளம்.
 
17. portia tree = பூவரசு.

18. sambar = சாம்பார்.

19. tutenag = துத்தநாகம்.

20. vetiver = வெட்டிவேர்.

21. curry leaves = கறிவேப்பிலை.

22. anaconda = ஆனைகொன்றான் (சர்ச்சையில் உள்ளது)

23. coolie = கூலி (சர்ச்சையில் உள்ளது)

24. ginger = இஞ்சி (சர்ச்சையில் உள்ளது.)
 
Persian words in English :-

1. abkar = worker.

2. abkari = manufacture and sale of intoxicating drinks and drugs.

3. achar
=pickles.

4. Algorithm = name of a Persian scientist.

5. Afghanistan = name of a country.

6. angel = angel.

7. Arsenic = name of an element.

8. asafetida = a gummy resin used for flavoring food items..

9. assassin = murderer.

10. azure = sky blue color.

 
11. babul = Acacia Arabica tree.

12. baksheesh = gift, tips.

13. balaghat = table land above mountain pass.

14. Baghdad = Gift of God.

15. belleric = fruit of the bahera.

16. balcony = upper house.

16. ban = title of prince, chief, lord.

17. bas = stop.

18. bazaar = place of prices, market place.

19. bazigar = nomad Muslims.

20. begar = without work.
 
21. begari = beggar.

22. bhumidar = land owner.

23. bildar = excavator.

24. beige = a neutral color.

25. bellum = a small boat for 8 people.

26. benami = in the name of.

27. bibi = wife.

28. biriyani = rice cooked with meat/ vegetable.

29. borax = Sodium Borate.

30. bronze = an alloy usually of copper and tin.
 
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31. brinjal = egg plant.

32. budmash = bad, immoral.

33. bulbul = a song bird.

34. bund = an embankment.

35. bundobust = arrangement.

36. burka = face covering with openings for eyes.

37. candy = sugar.

38. caravan = a train of animals.

39. cash = coins of god or silver.

40. cassock = a long loose coat worn by men and women.
 
41. calender = uncouth man.

42. carcoon = clerk.

43. chador = veil-cum-shawl worn by women.

44. chakar = worker.

45. charka = the spinning wheel.

46. charpoy = cot made with tapes wound on a frame.

47. chappow = raid.

48. chawbuck = a large whip.

49. cheque = exchequer.

50. checkmate = The king is dead.
 
51. chess = a game of kings and a king of games.

52. chick = a door curtain made of bamboo strips.

53. China = porcelain ware.

54. chinar = an oriental tree.

55. cummerband = a waist band.

56. cushy = pleasant, happy.

57. culgee = a jeweled plume worn on the turban.

58. darzi = tailor.

59. dastur = customary fees.

60. daftar = leather.
 
61. dewan = an account book.

62. divan = a place of assembly.

63. durwan = a guard.

64. durbar = an audience of king.

65. dubber = large leather bags used to hold liquids.

66. dustak = related to hand.

67. enamdar = a holder of gifts.

68. Farsi = people of Persia.

69. Feringee = Europeans.

70. gizzard = cooked entrails of poultry.
 
71. gulmohar = gold coin.

72. gul = rose.

73. gymkhana = a center for sports meet or athletic skills.

74. havildar = sergeant.

75. Hindi = a language of India.

76. Hindu = an Indian following Hinduism.

77. Hindustan = India.

78. jackal = a fox like animal.

79. jagir = a government grant.

80. jama = a long sleeved cotton coat.
 
81. jasmine = a fragrant flower.

82. jasper = a spotted or speckled stone.

83. jamedar = police officer or some other officer.

84. jujube = a tree with date-like-fruits.

85. kabuli = belonging to Kabul.

86. kaftan = a long, loose dress with loose sleeves, worn with a shah.

87. Kala Azar = name of a fever.

88. khaki = color of the soil.

89. khuskhus = an aromatic grass.

90. Kohinoor = Mountain of Light.
 
visa,

thank you for such a detailed list of vocabulary. i have always understood that the english language constantly borrows, begs or steals materials from other tongues, and over a period of time, makes them its own. the language itself appears to have no shame in such overt pilferage.

initial roots of the english language were probably saxonic, germanic, celtic, norman french, latin etc but with the coming of the empire in the 1600s onwards, wherever the british went, they freely took on the local tongue. the same goes with the american branch of english, which freely took native american words and incorporated them into local usage.

there has never been, as far as i know, self appointed guardians of language purity in english. hence its continued prosperity and flourishing today. contrast that to french, which till 500 years ago, was probably the most popular and court language of europe.

the french, have not watched kindly, their language's decline vis a vis english. there is a deliberate movement in both france, and in quebec, the french offshoot in canada, to rid the language of english originated words. no more computer . it has to be ordinateur. and so on.

i think we in tamilnadu are undergoing similar metamorphosis in ridding the tamil language of foreign orignated words. no more bus, but oorthi; no more shop but chaavadi. and so on. no more bathroom, but kazhippaRai!!

below here is an interesting url. it details how 15 new words that were added to the oxford dictionary - their origins, to put it mildly, somewhat interesting. i think this is the beauty of the language, and the secret to its popularity and continued growth, with no sign of ever declining in the future.

15 Words You Won't Believe They Added to the Dictionary | Cracked.com

yours forever in mulligatawny and catamaran ... :) :)
 
Dear Mr. Kunjuppu.

Long time... no see! :)

Nice to have you back in the Forum after a long vacation(?)

Growth is possible only with discriminate absorption of new material

from the other sources.

When I set out in this venture, I had Only Latin and French in my

mind. But I am amazed to find that even oriental languages and

African languages have provided many interesting word to English.

I will try to justice to the task in hand. But everyone else is welcome

to add color/ value to this thread.

Thank you for the link.

I will have to see it later. The household chores are yet to be started!

with warm regards, :pray2:
V.R
 
dear visa,

i started off this vanavaasam from the forum by being silly. hopefully that is cured now.

latter part, i was in chennai and just returned. celebrated pongal in all its aspects, one grand wedding, one sashti, thirupathi, thirumullaivoyal, two get togethers of old alumni at post chennai clubs, and everyday at the restaurants (all vegetarian :) ). plus a couple of land deals, where i am only in a support role. all of it in 2 weeks.

and this was supposed to be a trip without any agenda.

i am amazed to see the progress and developments in chennai, with each visit. and i visit atleast once a year if not more. had it been even a semblance of this 37 years ago, i could not have left india. however, the past has its reasons, and i think it is unrealistic to judge past actions based on current realities.

i am aware of the corruptions of the society. the moneys involved now appear to be huge. but judging by the wealth generated, it is my gut feeling, that the so called 'black money' as a percentage of all currencies, is just about the same. my dad paid 1,000 bribe fee to get my sister a B.Com seat then; now it is 50,000 rupees. paid 15 paise for 2 idlis which now costs 15 rupees. it is just that the value of the rupee has come drastically down.

i think numberswise, hopefully people also earn correspondingly more.

one thing that disturbed me, was this new 20 ruppee special paid que at kapali temple in mylapore. this is my neighbourhood temple which i visit everytime. i think before God, all of us should be equal. i wish they would remove the privileged que for the moneyed class. the temple was overflowing, there was a dance concert and the lights lit of saneeswaran were in the hundreds.

surprisingly, i did not see any beggars in front of the temple. even in chennai overall. i hope these were not driven away out of the city and kept out of sight by the powers that be. i felt my trip to be incomplete for not having the opportunity to shell out some rupee notes to the lepers and the infirmed aged. what few i saw, was when i was futtfutting about in autorickshaws, which i could not stop. :(

conveniences wise, india is now on par with the rest of the world. in my days of the 60s, anything 'foreign made' was blindly sought after. no longer such is true. i saw models of cameras and PCs, which, to the best of my knowledge, are not available even in Canada, but freely available in Chennai shops. all the more glory to indian commerce :)

let me stop here with this ramble.

incidentally, in the context of this thread, here is the etymology for the word 'foreign':

Middle English forein from Old French forain, from Vulgar Latin *forānus, from Latin forās, forīs (“outside (the doors)”). Displaced native Middle English elendish, ellendish "foreign" (from Old English elelendisc, compare Old English ellende "foreign", elland "foreign land"), Middle English eltheodi, eltheodish "foreign" (from Old English elþēodiġ, elþēodisc "foreign"), and non-native Middle English peregrin "foreign" (from Old French peregrin).

thank you for your kind enquiry. much appreciated. :)
 
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Dear Mr.Kunjuppu,

Glad to note that you had a hectic fortnight in Chennai and conveniently used it up for the 'vanavaasam'(?).

I thought vanavaasam meant 'to live all alone in a remote area and contemplate on the inevitable' :)

The link you have given looks both impressive and imposing!

The money lost by the country and earned by the corrupt people since Indian Independence runs to several trillions(how many zeroes for a trillion?)

They can give Rs 1.4 crores for each person under poverty line with that kind of money. It is hard to even imagine such large sums of money.
I think infinity will be easier to imagine:)

In any case it is nearly infinity.

When I got married a gram on gold cost Rs 10 and even then most people found it beyond common mans' reach (with their salary being a few hundred rupeess p.m.or even less)

Now each gram cost ~ 2000Rs and 'loot-maar' has increased. Thanks to the compulsory use of the helmets. A woman can never recognize the thief-even it were her own husband!

Recently the onions became as costly as silver and tomatoes as costly as gold! So the slogan was "Thakkali vilaiyil thangam, vengaaya vilaiyil velli! How do you like it?

Life is becoming harder in every possible aspect..increasing costs, decreasing returns for the investments, increasing physical discomforts, decreasing energy to do work...well the list can go on!

with warm regards, :pray2:
V.R.
 
91. kotwal = chief police officer.

92. kotwalee = police station.

93. kurta = a loose fitting shirt without collar.

94. kabob = cubes of meat marinated and cooked on a skewer with vegetables.

95. kincob = silver or gold brocade.

96. kusti = sacred girdle worn by the Parsees.

97. lascar = artillery man.

98. lac = a resin used for sealing.

99. lemon = a citrus fruit.

100. lilac = indigo.
 
dear visa,

please read 'vanavasam' as 'self imposed exile'. maybe that would make sense?

i have noted the rise in prices re vegetables and other stuffs. i can understand that people on fixed incomes get hit hard with such levels of inflation.

hopefully the crops come back to normal during rest of the year, and bring down the prices.

regards...
 
Dear Mr. Kunjuppu,

It is not just the ruined crop or the rain.
I read an article about how the price of onion was manipulated to create money for 'playing' the sugar market. :director:

I did not understand the scheme very well though. But I understood that people sitting in their drawing rooms can control prices of almost everything in the market and throw the budget of the common man out of balance (for their own selfish schemes) :couch2:

God save India and Indians still living in India!


with warm regards,
V.R.
 
101. lungi = a long cotton cloth.

102. magic = sorcery.

103. mazdoor = laborer.

104. Magi = wise man from the east.

105. mehmandar = an officer appointed to escort an ambassador.

106. Mirza = a person of distinction.

107. Mithra = the name of a God.

108. Mogul = a Mongolian.

109. Mohur = a gold coin.

110. mummy = a concoction of medicine with animal/human parts in it.
 

111. Musk = a substance with a strong fragrance.

112. Mussulman = Muslim.

113. namaaz = worship, prayer.

114. naphtha = a volatile product of petroleum.

115. Nargil = coconut from which bowls were made.

116. Navy = boat/ vessel.

117. naan = a type of bread.

118. Noor = light.

119. orange = a color, a fruit.

120. pagoda = temple.
 
121. paneer = soft, uncured Indian Cheese.

122. Paradise = Heaven/ supreme country.

123. pargana = subdivision of a zilla.

124. Padishah = Emperor/ king.

125. Parsee = Persian.

126. peach = a fruit.

127. pasar = bazaar.

128. Pasha = king.

129. pashm = woolen rug.

130. peri = fairy.
 
131. Punjab = Land of five rivers.

132. pistachio = a type of nut.

133. pyke =a civilian at whose expense soldier is entertained.

134. roc = a mythical bird.

135. rook = a chess piece.

136. rose = a flower.

137. Roxanne =shining bright.

138. samosa = a triangular pastry filled with vegetable or meat.

139. sabzi = green vegetable.

140. sandal = a fragrant tree.

 
141. sarod = a stringed musical instrument.

142. scarlet = bright red color.

143. seer = a unit of weight.

144. seersucker = milk and honey.

145. seerpaw = head to foot.

146. sepoy = soldier.

147. Serendipity = A fairytale island.

148. Shah = king.

149. Shahzada = Son of a king.

150. shamiana = cloth canopy.
 
(Words of Persian origin)

151. shawl = a cloth thrown over the upper body.

152. shikar = hunter.

153. shikari = hunting.

154. sitar = a stringed musical instrument.

155. spinach = green leafy vegetable.

156. star = twinkling specs seen on the night sky.

157. sugar = crystallized sugar cane syrup

158. subahdar = captain, officer.

159. taffeta = woven cloth.

160. Tahsildar = revenue officer.
 
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