Heart-burn that was unwarranted
K.Chandra / Indian,
My heart-felt apologies for hurting your feelings by delving into the origins of communities. I am not against any caste, including Kammas, my interest in going into the origins being academic. One of the sources for my information is the following:
http://indculture0.tripod.com/kammas.htm
Kindly go through the paragraphs that surmise on the roots of Kammas, and the one on Gangeya Sahni. I do agree that these can only be surmises, because no body knows what happened centuries back but for the things well documented. I will list out few other sources too, both textual, and those on the internet ; just give me sometime to compile them. Your point on Dr. M.N. Srinivas too is well taken. There could be equally brilliant counter-theories to his.
One theory is that Kammas are descendents of Nayakas, and so have an older origin as a community. However, there are disagreements on whether Nayakas are Kammas or otherwise. The caste-name, "Kamma" itself is not found in any literature older than 150 years (if you do know of sources, please let me know. I would like to go through). That is not to deny the fact that they are highly enterprising, bold, and have etched a progressive reputation for their community in history by the virtue of their sheer hardwork, but such a reputation came only after World War-II. If you remember, agricultural revolution in India resulting in affluency amongst certain communities (Jats & Jat-Sikhs in Punjab & Haryana, Kammas in Andhra etc.) happened only after World War-II & Independence.
About Kamma kingdoms in Guntur district, except for few large estates owned by the some members of the caste, there is no evidence anywhere of a Kamma "kingdom" with paraphernalia such as independent army, coinage etc., which would have qualified them as "Rajas" (as you say), not withstanding the fact that Kammas would like to call themselves "Kakathiyas" (this topic has been comprehensively dealth with in the above link). There is another theory that Kammas and Velamas were from the same caste, and those who supported Brahama Naidu of Palnadu became Padma Nayakas (Velamas) and those supported Nagamma stayed Kammas. In fact, many Velamas and Kammas share same family names and Gothras. Some Reddys as well share the Gothra and family names. So, as you can see, view points can differ.
You probably missed out my postings where I had mentioned that I do not believe that Brahmins are genetically a distinct community (which has been supported by DNA analysis), and argued that different people in different times have taken up the so called Brahminism, each having their own version of it. Just to keep the record straight, there are many Brahmin communities whose origins are perhaps mixed. As for caste-admixture in the medieval societies, I believe this was very much in existence, and in some cases was formalized to perfection. In case you want examples, just look into the Tharavad /Sambandham System of the Nairs, or the Aaliya Santhanam System of the Bunds. By the way, wasn't the Devadasi System very prevalent in Andhra till recently? The topic that whether Brahmins and Kammas share some common genetic traits stirred lot of interest (and not my invention), and infact specific DNA analyses were performed to look into this. You can have a look at the results here:
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/110522774/ABSTRACT?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0
I may also call for your attention towards the theories of Race Formation oft quoted in Anthropology, where the two main contributors to race formation are reckoned as war (wherein after each conquest, forced admixture between the victor and the vanquished used to take place), and admixture through other formal & informal means. This is an undeniable historical fact. The Moplahs of Malabar, some of whom follow hardcore Islam today, were few centuries back Nairs or Brahmins who were forcibly converted, and subsequently intermingled with Arab traders visting the west-coast. A significant percent of Goan Catholics are also the result of proselytization, conversion, and forced admixture with the Portuguese, and the communities that were subjected to this included Saraswat Brahmins. Similarly, there are Navayats in Bhatkal (North Canara District), who are Jain-Muslims, and these Jains inturn were converts from Bunds, Brahmins, and several other communities. By the way, have you gone into the literature that says that Nairs of Kerala, Bunds of Karnataka, and Nattars of Tamilnadu, originate from the same Nayaka stock, which the Kammas claim they are from?
So in the end, does it all look very casteist (unless you have a very bloated mental image of your community, and assume that they are the "purest" genetic stock in some way)?
Simlarly, my statement that fair-complexion amongst Arya Vysas is a rarity, is a mere statement of fact, something that you can verify by enquriring from the people of that very community. I am aware that fair & dark people exist in all communities in India, but the percentage of occurrence of each is not the same amongst all communities. To attribute racist intentions to me for stating the same, amounts to reading too much into it. Did I say they were in someway inferior? Nope.
You claim yourself as having an interest in Sociology and Ethnology. Isn't it common amongst Anthropologists to look at communities by their physical characteristics, and describe their physiognomy by mentioning the colour of the skin, eye-colour, width of the face (Brachycephaly), colour of the hair, body-hair distribution, width of the nose, thickness of lips, protrusion of teeth-line (Prognathous-Orthognathous), stature & body shape including the length of legs (of both men & women) etc.? Do you automatically say that they all have "malicious" intentions? Noting that there are differences interms of any of these features between communities, is a very different thing than passing any judgement.
Have I toured north? Yes, quite comprehensively : not just north, but west, east and north-east too, and have an interest in the origins of different inhabitants of these regions as well (seen Mongoloid Brahmins who vouch that they originated from Kashi). Is it wrong to have this interest (should only Ethnologists have it)? I don't think so!
Your right to contradict and criticize my views is well respected (including calling my views as "house-wife gossip"). But to attack me personally by attributing motives to me is not welcome. Quote from sources, and prove that:
1.) There has not been any admixture amongst castes, in Andhra or elsewhere.
2.) That the cast, by name "Kamma," existed historically in medieval times (do not whimsically trace your origins from Kakathiyas or some other "kingdom". That will be like a Brahmin tracing his origins from Parashurama or some other historically non-verifiable identity).
Any way, this web-forum is about Tamil Brahmins, and so if we get into a diatribe here about communities of Andhra, it would not be proper. Therefore you can e-mail me personally if you wish, and we will continue our discussion through emails.
Best wishes,
kspv.
Vaylan,
This discussion of "origins" arose because the question posed was whether Tamil Brahmins are Tamilians or not? If you remember, I responded by saying that they are, as long as they speak Tamil, and "origins" (which are subject to debate) do not matter. I also said despite the languages we speak, and places we live in there is always some element of migration and admixture in all communities.
Does that sound very casteist?