Sonalde Desai, one of the two authors, was kind enough to respond to me. I will give both the e-mail I sent to him/her (I don't know whether Solalde is male or female), and the reponse.
My e-mail to Prof. Sonalde Desai:
This is regarding your paper, "Changing Educational Inequalities in India in the context of Affirmative Action" Demography, Vol. 45(2), May 2008, 245 - 270.
I read this article with great interest. I have a couple of queries and would appreciate it if you would give your comments.
A colleague of mine seems to infer from your article that your view is that the reservation system as it is implemented at present is a failure. But what I understand is that even though the % difference between Dalits and Upper Caste Hindus & Others has shown no difference, that is because of success at lower levels of educational transition resulting in larger number of Dalits becoming eligible to transition into college. Further, the creamy layer issue is not supported by the data as the difference among all income levels remains the same.
These findings do not seem to say that you are arguing that the reservation system is a failure. I am not sure whether I am missing something. If possible I request you to comment on this.
The response:
I am actually a true supporter of affirmative action, however including the reservations in India, however, I do not feel that it is adequate.
Our results in this article show three things:
1. Clearly inequalities at lower education level have declined -- possibly associated with job rather than educational reservations.
2. There is little evidence of creamy layer effect.
3. The fact that there are only marginal changes to college graduation differences by caste are a testament to reservations because all theoretical considerations suggest that without it, the differences should increase.
This is exactly my contention. The 'Theoretical Considerations' are postulates, not backed by real data. They went out to see some real impact from today's system and to their surprise they could not see any. So they, as usual postulate a negative and try to prove it without any evidence. How can one prove that the gap in educational levels in college levels would have increased when they show the real opposite trends in lower levels and no data to establish why? This is what I would say as ideology centric research!
However, it is also clear that inequalities persist and we may need different types of interventions.
My subsequent work shows that inequalities emerge in early school -- not just in graduation but in skill development -- suggesting that we may need to focus on elementary schools as site of creation of inequality.
Vow! Is this not what I have been saying? Why should this be necessary if the quota system at college level is a smashing success?
Thank you for your interest in my work. It is a great pleasure to have someone read it so carefully.
Cheers!