sangom
0
Sangom Sir,
I do remember reading somewhere that the Mahabharata was lengthened a few times or during different centuries perhaps, like the Vedas.
As for Vaishnavizing it, it has definitely worked, wouldn't you say, especially looking at Vaishnavism as a whole in Hinduism and even in Tambrahms. I wonder who that brilliant mind(s)
were? Just out of curiosity before this Vaishnavazing wasn't Vishnu acceptable to the brāhmaṇādayaḥ? Were they Smartha/Shaivite elites?
We all know that "history is written by the victors" and thet "might is right". I can't place my finger on why but i was always drawn to Karna's and Drona's characters as opposed to the Pandavas. Completely random but I wonder why South Indian itihasas never took off the way Mahabharata et al have. This Hastinapur cousin thing battles and war mongering still happens today in those places up north. Fighting with relatives/cousins for land etc. Perhaps Mahabharata is a cultural reflection of some parts of the sub continent. Only thing is that they don't fight for dharma now.
Prasad Sir,
I agree with you. The beauty of our faith is that we are free to express and believe in whatever philosophy we choose to.
Kum. Amala,
I am very thankful to you for having found the time to write a reply. I agree that in hinduism we all are free to hold any opinion on any topic relating to the religion. But in a forum like this, named as Tamilbrahmins.com, it is usually found that the age-old accepted opinions alone are considered valid and anything which differs as blasphemy. But strange interpretations like those lately being expressed on Ganapati are admired!
I feel that after 70 years of freedom and equality irrespective of caste, creed, etc., we are slowly, but inevitably approaching an era in which people will start thinking 'out of the box' and just as the old Mr. Ram Jethmalani said a few days ago that he finds Rama to be a bad husband, our scriptures will be viewed and analyzed from fresh and unexplored angles, by the coming generations. Martin Luther came after more than 1500 years to question the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, but in the case of hinduism it may take just 100 years of independence, perhaps.
Coming to 'vaishnavaization' and your pertinent doubts, from my readings, I have found that the vedic hinduism centred on sacrifices (yajnas, as they were called) came under severe criticism from both Buddha and Mahavira. When Emperor Asoka embraced Buddhism and promulgated kindness to animals (severe punishment for people deliberately causing harm to animals is found in the Asoka edicts) most probably this vedic hinduism must have reached a nadir. Then when Pushyamitra Sunga, a samavedi brahmin assassinated brihadratha, the last Mauryan emperor while he was making an army review (rings a bell? Rajiv Gandhi!) and immediately on assuming the throne, Pushyamitra performed a majestic Ashvamedha Yajna thus signalling that the vedic hinduism had been re-instated as the State religion. The Sunga dynasty ruled for about 110 years but, by then the Brahmin vedists must have realized that their yajna-centred religion could come under opposition once again if the next ruler adopted Buddhism/Jainism. But, at the same time, these vedists knew only their vedic religion and the vedic gods like agni, indra, rudra, varuna, etc. They hitched upon "upendra" or a side-kick of indra in the rigveda - vishnu, as the new divinity which could be moulded so that the population which had gone to follow Buddhism could be garnered back. With this purpose those brahmin vedists did three things, imho:
1. Build up the obscure vishnu of the rigveda into a 'larger-than life' Supreme God.
2. Borrow the idea of many births of the Buddha, from the Buddhist belief system, modify it and turn it into "avataaras" of Vishnu; incidentally the brahmanda purana, bhagavata purana etc., refer to Buddha and by the 8th. century the vedic (hindu) orthodoxy accepted Jayadeva's statement in his Geeta Govinda, that Buddha was indeed an avatar of Vishnu.
3. Create new redactions of the stories which probably had maximum popularity like the Raamakatha or the Bhaarata and give a workover on these stories to project the two characters Rama and Krishna as avataaras of Vishnu. BTW, the vaalmeekiraamaayana (some versions/editions) contain the following sloka:
ततः समभवद् ब्रह्मा स्वयंभूर्देवतैः सह ।
स वराहस्ततो भूत्वा प्रोज्जहार वसुन्धराम् ॥
असृजश्च जगत्सर्वं सह पुत्रैः कृतात्मभिः ॥
—अयोध्या, ११०-३,४
tataḥ samabhavad brahmā svayaṃbhūrdevataiḥ saha |
sa varāhastato bhūtvā projjahāra vasundharām ||
asṛjaśca jagatsarvaṃ saha putraiḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ ||
-ayodhyā, 110-3,4
Thus the very Ramayana admits that the varāha avatar was taken by Brahma and not by Vishnu. This goes to strengthen the doubt that the Dasaavataara of Vishnu is a later invention.
Fortunately, there was a religious belief centred around a deity known as மால், மாயோன், all indicative of a dark coloured person and this religious movement spread, in course of time through the eastern and the western corridors of the sub-continent towards north. The northern brahmins lost no time in making suitable changes to the Krishna character of M. Bh. and for this purpose, composed the Harivamsa Purana. But as the text did not find much favour with the general population, which, by then had probably been more attracted to the tantric buddhism and the worship of Krishna-Radha duo, the Brahma vaivarta purana was composed; and for those who did not like the themes of Radha-Krishna love, the Bhagavata was written.
There will be no takers for these opinions today, because people somehow are happy to believe that one person, Sage Vyasa composed all these texts and that all of them have been existing ab initio. But I would like to go on record with what I sincerely hold as the best probability.
I hope it will be clear to you now that before this vaishnavaization, only the vedic form of worship existed and it did not have idol worship as its integral or central part. This Vaishnavaization helped the people move away from the sacrifice-centred vedic belief system to an idol-worshipping creed which did not need killing animals and so could win over even the small amount of hesitation in the minds of the people who might by then have been following Buddhism/Jainism for a few generations, to come back to the parentfold.