Varna system and the benefits it gave when it was followed with sincerity
eager to know, how and why Varna system failed to deliver those benefits to the society in modern era.. If it was benefiting in past, it must be doing the same too.. Benefits were not denied by any society , come what the time line is. awaiting a detailed reply Sh.Parthasarathy to quency my intellectual quest
I'll attempt to quench the intellectual quest of Shri.ShivKC. Varna system was originally based on profession and not on birth. What we now have is a degraded system called caste. Varna system meticulously took care of all the needs of the society. It was based on professions(or occupations) and not on birth. This was prevalent even in other societies foreign to us. In those days, the society required specific tasks to be completed by people with specific skills. No body initially ordained these skills to be mastered by these societal groups or families. The system was restricted to villages and slowly developed and spread to larger centres.
Example: In a small village, let's say, there is a temple. It needs a priest who can recite mantra. There would be a family of priests who can also perform rituals and ceremonies to other families as well as at the temple. There would be a family of masons who can build houses for others. Similarly, carpenters, goldsmith, ironsmith etc. Specific needs were met by such groups.
No body forced the carpenter's son to be a carpenter. It so happened naturally as it was easier for him to continue to be carpenter( whatever his father knew he would have learnt easily) compared to shifting to some other profession. Similarly with other professions.
The system started degrading when varna was confused with caste. A person born in a family of masons was not allowed to study or do some other profession, like carpentry. So, somehow, each family started isolating themselves from the society and started seeing themselves as belonging to a different group which we now call caste. When, a carpenter meets a fellow carpenter from another village, he feels happy and starts interacting with him better since they have more things in common. This is natural even now. This is human psychology. This kind of segregation by choice lead to groups fighting with each other in issues that are not mutually agreeable to each other. Also Caste became a serious problem when "choice of one's profession" was not given but forced. When a carpenter tried to do any other job, he was mocked at by other carpenters and others in the society. That lead to the downfall of the varna system.
Again I would like to make it clear that Varna was not based on birth originally. It was based on profession of choice. Only when the society refused to accept it, it degraded to caste.
As for the specific benefits it gave to the society when it was followed with sincerity --
1) Varna system allocated and distributed specific tasks to specific groups.
2) If a mason refuses to build a house, then there must be another person ready to learn and build it. Till that happens, everybody has to wait. Meanwhile, the mason's family has to starve. Similarly, any other profession.
3) Each group is ordained to do specific tasks which others cannot do readily or suddenly.
This is a mutual agreement and understanding prevalent in the varna system to ensure harmony.
" When scavengers are not there, even a brahmin has to do scavenging by himself just like how he cleans himself everyday. "
Power and authority in the varna system were not given like quotas are given today. They were earned. Nobody stopped a warrior from going to the battlefield. A King was not appointed on Quota. There was no reservation those days. A King earned a kingdom through his power and hardwork. Who stopped a priest from fighting with a king to earn a kingdom ..?
A priest must have decided on his own that he cannot fight since he was not trained to fight. He got used to doing pujas and learning vedas and he thougth it was safe to continue in the same profession. Same with other professoins. That's how varna became caste and started getting associated with birth.
Gita clearly says, no body can become brahmin by birth. It has to be earned by behavior. Each varna has its own dharmas. It can be followed by anybody. A brahmin can take a sword and ride a horse and become a kshatriya if he wants to follow kshatriya dharma. Then he has to fight battles and win. Similarly, a scavenger can learn vedas if he wants to. But he has to follow brahmana dharma. Can he..? is the question. If he can, then he becomes a brahmin, a true one.
In modern era, each of these groups including brahmins, failed to follow their respective dharmas. I'm not supporting any groups. But I can still argue that Brahmins are the worst sufferers since their dharma is the toughest to follow. So, the society collectively allowed the varna system to degrade and allowed its benefits to go down the drain.
PS: These are my humble opinions. They may be correct or wrong. I might not have quenched the intellectual quest of Shri. ShivKC. I don't argue whatever I said is truth. These are just my humble opinions. Take it if you feel they are correct. Don't take it to heart if any of my statements hurt anybody.
Manava Sevaye Madhava Seva.
JAI HIND...!! JAI HIND..! JAI HIND..!! BHARATH MATA KI JAI.!!